Gum disease has long been one of the most common oral health problems in the UK, but dentists are now raising the alarm as recent reports indicate a noticeable increase in cases. While gum disease is often associated with ageing or poor brushing habits, the truth is that it can affect anyone and, worryingly, many people don’t realise they have it until the condition has progressed.
Gum disease, or periodontal disease, typically begins as gingivitis, a mild inflammation of the gums caused by plaque build-up. Symptoms can include bleeding when brushing, persistent bad breath, swollen gums or a metallic taste in the mouth.
Left untreated, gingivitis can develop into periodontitis, a more serious form that can lead to gum recession, loose teeth and even tooth loss. Dentists say that although the condition is largely preventable, increasing numbers of people are presenting with advanced symptoms.
Why Are Cases Rising?
Several factors appear to be contributing to the spike. Firstly, the cost-of-living pressures have influenced how often people attend routine dental appointments. Regular check-ups, which play a vital role in identifying early signs of gum disease, have become less frequent.
NHS access issues are also having an impact: many people across the UK report long waiting lists or difficulty registering with a dentist, meaning problems that could have been treated promptly are instead worsening.
Lifestyle factors are another key contributor. High-sugar diets, increasingly common due to convenience foods, directly fuel the bacteria responsible for plaque. Stress, which has risen sharply in recent years, can also compromise the immune system and make the body less able to fight inflammation. Smoking remains one of the strongest risk factors, slowing healing and reducing blood flow to the gums.
The Good News: Gum Disease Is Preventable
Dentists emphasise that, despite the rising trend, gum disease is one of the most preventable oral health issues. Prevention starts with consistent daily habits that support healthy gums and teeth. As a reminder, there are many ways to have good hygiene including effective brushing, cleaning between the teeth, choosing the right products and attending regular dental appointments.
Brush Properly — Not Just Twice A Day
Most people know they should brush twice daily, but far fewer are brushing effectively. Dentists recommend using a soft-bristled or electric toothbrush, held at a 45-degree angle to the gumline. This helps clean both the teeth and the gum margin where plaque accumulates. The two-minute rule still applies, and it’s important not to brush too aggressively, which can damage gum tissue.
Electric toothbrushes have been shown to remove more plaque than manual ones, especially those with oscillating or sonic technology. For individuals who struggle with dexterity or consistency, electric brushes with built-in timers can be particularly helpful.
Don’t Skip Interdental Cleaning
Flossing or using interdental brushes is essential for removing plaque between teeth — areas a standard toothbrush simply can’t reach. Interdental brushes are often easier to use than floss and are recommended for many adults. This step is crucial because gum disease often begins in these hidden spaces.
A daily mouthwash can also help reduce bacteria, but it shouldn’t replace brushing or flossing. Alcohol-free formulations are usually best, as they are gentler on the tissues.
Think About Diet And Lifestyle
Sugar is one of the biggest contributors to tooth decay and gum problems. Minimising sugary snacks and drinks, particularly between meals, can significantly reduce plaque formation. Drinking plenty of water helps rinse away food debris and supports saliva production, which protects the mouth.
Stopping smoking is one of the most impactful steps anyone can take to improve gum health. Within weeks of quitting, circulation in the gums begins to improve, and healing becomes more effective.
Visit Your Dentist — Even If Nothing Hurts
One of the most dangerous myths about oral health is that you only need to see a dentist when something is painful. Gum disease can progress silently, and early intervention is far easier than treating advanced periodontitis. Hygienists also play a vital role: professional cleaning removes hardened plaque that can’t be removed at home.
Protecting Your Smile For The Future
With informed choices and consistent care, most people can maintain healthy gums throughout their lives. Good oral hygiene, sensible lifestyle habits and regular dental visits remain the best defence — and they’re all within reach.
